![]() ![]() You’ll be given the rough location of a chassis for a new derelict car, which when found gives you four more clues, each pointing to a rough location on the map where you can find another derelict car part. These hidden and abandoned cars in Need for Speed Payback don't look like much, but can be completely overhauled. On each of our individual derelict car guide pages we’ll detail exactly what you need to do in order to unlock each, but the general idea is that you need to complete a series of races and beat a boss for those races. How to Unlock and Find Derelict Cars in Need for Speed Payback ![]() Most cars in NFS Payback are given a class, be it race, off-road, drift, drag, or runner. Once you have found all the parts of a derelict car you can customise it and turn it into one of the best cars in the game, and it can be any class you wish. There are five derelict cars to build and each has five parts to find. Need for Speed Payback Derelict Cars Explainedĭerelict cars in Need for Speed Payback are the most desirable collectibles in the game and the best cars in Need for Speed Payback.
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![]() ![]() We work on it as a labor of love, with the hopes that people will find it useful, and in turn share it with their own friends and family. It is developed by volunteers around the world. quack Addeddate 16:18:09 Identifier quacksoundeffect Scanner Internet Archive HTML5 Uploader 1.6.4. Download a sound effect to use in your next project. ![]() ![]() It is Open Source software, distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License. 19 royalty-free duck quack sound effects Download duck quack royalty-free sound effects to use in your next project. From swooshes to whooshes, birds chirping to dogs barking, you can find the right sound for your next project. Create something incredible when you download these free. Tux Paint is free of cost and free of advertisements. Our free sound effects license means you can use these sounds in both commercial and personal projects. Older versions of Tux Paint have been released for a variety of other platforms, as well. Get Unlimited Downloads of Royalty-Free Duck Quack Sound Effect Sound Effects Royalty-Free Music and Sound Effects. The latest version of Tux Paint runs on a variety of platforms, including Windows (Vista and later), macOS (10.10 and later), Linux, Android, Haiku, and more. Perfectly sounding Rubber Duck Sound Effect for free download, free to use Rubber Duck Sound Effect (SFX) for videos and editing, free to use for creative. With this app, users can easily access a variety of duck sounds with just a few taps on their mobile devices. Intricately patterned and pale-faced females join males fashioned with a signature white stripe down their chocolate-colored necks. Duck Sounds: Free and Easy to Use Duck Sound and Ringtone App Duck Sounds is a free Android app developed by ManitDev that offers a collection of duck sounds and ringtones that actually work. Tux Paint 0.9.30 and friends have been released and are available for Microsoft Windows, Apple macOS, Android (via Google Play Store), Android (via F-Droid), Android (direct download), Red Hat Linux, Haiku, Slackware Linux, various Linux distributions (via Flatpak). Elegant Northern Pintails swim through wetlands and lakes with their slender necks and long, pointed tails held high. ![]() ![]() There are six public game modes Free for All (FFA), Team Deathmatch (TDM), Hardpoint (POINT), Capture the Flag (CTF), Kill Confirmed (KC), and Domination. Most of these game modes are custom game modes. Game ModesĬurrently there are a total of 25 game modes available. Maps are still being added, removed, and updated. There are even maps based on Call of Duty's Nuketown and Counter Strike's Dust II. The maps are all very different from each other, think of desert-, jungle-, winter-, mountain-, city-themed Maps. There are 15+ official playable maps in Krunker.io. You can also customize the reticles themselves by adjusting the Reticle Image Height or Width. There is even the ability to upload un image to use as your reticle. There are 10+ different reticles to choose for your sights. The frist attachments you unlock are the Reflex Sight and the Acog Sight. By leveling up you can unlock different attachments. Not every weapon has the ability to add an attachment. ![]() MeleeĮvery class carries a melee weapon, the combat knife. Secondary weapons mainly consist out of a various selection of Pistols (Revolvers, Desert Eagles, Alien Blaster and more) or a Sawed Off shotgun. Primary weapons consist out of Assault Rifles, Sniper Rifles, LMGs, SMGs, Rocket Launchers and Pistols. Keep in mind that the options for your loadout depend on the class you have selected. The movement speeds vary between 0.8 and 1.2. The health per class varies between 60 and 150. By default you start out as a Triggerman, who carries an assault rifle, has various options for secondary weapons, 100 health, and 1.05 movement speed. Every class has a different primary weapon, secondary weapon, amount of health, and movement speed. Krunker.io has 13 different classes to choose from. You can play Krunker.io on your PC, tablet, and mobile phone without downloading. Challenge your friends here on Poki to beat your scores. Keep track of your K/D ratio, wins, scores and show how competitive you are. Krunker.io is fast-paced and has a similar feeling to Counter-Strike. Weapons can range from assault rifles to snipers, shotguns, pistols, and even rocket launchers! In Kurnker.io you can play default maps, but also maps created by the community. ![]() ![]() Every class comes with different appearances and weapons. Choose between different classes, for example, agent, runner, hunter, and more. Next to these game modes, you can also join custom game modes. You play this as a first-person shooter (FPS) and you can join multiple game modes: Be the king of the hill in a free-for-all, or cooperate with teammates to win in a team deathmatch. Krunker.io is a pixelated 3D online multiplayer web game, where you have to battle against your opponents with various weapons. ![]() ![]() Language such as "hell" and "bastard" can be heard in the dialogue. ")-instead, the woman is shown in different whimsical costumes. 1 guide Witness the tragic fate of your fellow escapees, head on into the Orque army base and murdelate the Orque boss there with righteous Justice, then head through the newly opened gate and. Experience fast paced action-RPG combat with over 150 quests and tons of weapons, armor and loot to collect. During the course of the game, the central character discusses fees and services with a female prostitute (e.g., "I'd like to *ahem* request your services" and "Here's your money fine looking lady, now let's get funky.") there is no sex depicted (e.g., the screen reads, "5 minutes later. DeathSpank: Thongs Of Virtue - Join DeathSpank in the hunt for the Thongs of Virtue Fight through war-torn battlefields, tame the High Plains and sail the savage seas. Players can also encounter boss characters (e.g., "Plaid Pete") that are drunk and who speak in a slurred manner (e.g., "I be gotten it just the ways I like it! Hic!") the screen turns purple and starts to tilt, as if the user is getting inebriated. Some quests require players to collect excrement and manure from different creatures (e.g., "I need several Bearalope droppings"). Splashes of blood appear when enemies are hit, sometimes leaving stains of blood on the ground. Players use axes, swords, bazookas, and laser guns to hack-and-slash and shoot a variety of "cartoony" undead soldiers, jungle beasts, leprechauns, dragons, and giant chickens. Along the way, players can solve puzzles, complete whimsical quests, interact with townspeople, and battle an assortment of monsters. If you had fun with the first DeathSpank, there are more laughs and adventure to experience in Thongs of Virtue, which is set to come out on September 21 on the PlayStation Network and on September 22 on Xbox Live Arcade.This is an action-adventure/role-playing game in which players assume the role of a hero (DeathSpank) on a quest to retrieve six mystical thongs. ![]() The hot plate section was like something you'd see in a minigame: after you clear the room of enemies, you have to run to the one panel on the three-by-three grid that isn't going to light up and scorch you. Eew.ĭeathSpank: Thongs of Virtue is a much bigger game this time around, with more varied quests and environments to go through. What is amusing (in a sick sort of way) is that while you are fighting Wortten, she heals by eating the corpses of the minions you kill. Clearly, he didn't like the salmon and broccoli combo we made, so a fight ensued. You have a sous-chef to help gather the ingredients, and once you've made your dish, the judge decides whether he likes it or not. The factory is set up in such a way as to cook people, so we had to avoid getting dumped on by condiments and seared by hot plates.īefore the boss fight, Wortten challenges you to a cook-off, as her kitchen is set up like the television show Iron Chef-complete with Japanese judge. To help defend ourselves, we had some frozen yogurt handy, as well as a useful item called "hell from heaven," which, as you may guess, rains fire from the heavens when used. In our arsenal was a machine gun, a longsword, a trusty ice hammer (that happened to be the right element against everything we came across), and a monocle, which allows you to use mind control. We started our demo in her factory, where normally, if we were given the luxury of time, we'd go around and collect pieces of flair before the final showdown. While the idea of cannibalism is not in the least bit appetizing, the whole scenario was entertaining due to the funny dialogue and quirky setup. It turns out that she leads them through her factory for the sole purpose of cooking them and eating them. Wortten wears one of them, and we happen to find out that she's responsible for the disappearance of the locals. The story up until now is that DeathSpank must retrieve the various thongs that have corrupted individuals around the world. Deadly traps and powerful robots guard the place, but nothing will stop DeathSpank from obtaining the thong of cuisine. The level took place in a Wortten (the owner of TGIW) factory, where people go in and never come out. We had taken a look at the game last month, but EA was showing off a new level at its Tokyo showcase in Shinjuku, Japan. ![]() ![]() Developed alongside the first DeathSpank, DeathSpank: Thongs of Virtue picks up where the dispenser of justice left off. ![]() ![]() ![]() Delta Airlinesīeing one of the founding members of the SkyTeam alliance, Delta Air Lines is the second-largest airline in the world. Delta flies over 325 destinations worldwide, serving in 52 countries on six continents. They're the only company that operates flights in Copenhagen, Lagos, Stuttgart, and Dakar. Want to track your Delta Airlines flight? JetBlue Airways The airline has 9 hubs located all over the US, with the largest one being in Atlanta. JetBlue Airways is the seventh-largest airline in North America in terms of passengers carried. This low-cost carrier has a large network of 100 domestic and international destinations. Most of these are centered around the United States and the Caribbean. Aside from flight travel, customers can also earn points on everyday purchases with the airlines partners on fashions, travel, hotels and others.It also operates in a smaller number of destinations in Central and South America. In Southwest airlines, it’s easy to earn points with their Rapid Reward perks. Rewards can be obtained through travel and no travel options. The programs are most valuable to airlines in non-hub cities, since those cities often have choices of which airline to fly for most trips. Reward programsĪirline loyalty programs reward customers for buying tickets by giving them points, sometimes called miles, that can be used for free trips, upgrades, and other things. Your personal item must be stored under the seat in front of you, fitting within 18.5 x 8.5 x 13.5 inch dimensions. Personal-type items include purses, briefcases, cameras, food containers, or laptops (case included). For travel regulations, all Customers and Employees and their items are subject to a thorough physical search. Southwest Airlines limits carryon bag dimensions to 10 x 16 x 24 inches. Travel ban or restrictions are imposed on items such as Lithium batteries that are damaged, defective, or recalled for safety reasons are not allowed in checked baggage, carryon baggage, or cargo.Please make sure that any sharp objects (especially needles, syringes, and other items needed for medication) are properly covered and secured to prevent injury to yourself and our Employees who care for your bags.įor carryon items are limited to one bag plus one smaller, personal-type item. Overweight items from 51 to 100 pounds and oversized items in excess of 62 inches but not more than 80 inches will be accepted for an overweight and oversize baggage fee of $75 per item. In Southwest, a maximum weight is 50 pounds and maximum size is 62 inches (length + width + height) per check piece of luggage. As part of its effort to control costs, southwest historically used secondary airports in cities where the primary airports have high costs, such as in Chicago, Dallas/Fort Worth, Houston and Miami. The percentage is higher compared to other main airlines in the US. An average of 80 percent of Southwest passengers is local passengers and only 20 percent of all passengers are connecting passengers. It has large operations in certain airports. The airline does not use hubs instead they adapted the point to point system, using 15 focus cities. DestinationsĪs of May 2021, Southwest Airlines has scheduled flights to 115 destinations in 40 states, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, and the newest is Destin, Florida on May 6, 2021. This can be shown with more than 8,100 Employees who have served or are actively serving, over 1,400 Employees who are military spouses, and thousands of Customers who have served or are actively serving. The airline's provision of our military comes from deep within our Heart. Though the color of Southwest is red, yellow, and blue, but they have a big heart to military they have a huge support on red, white, and blue. And it stays that way until now which the airline it's been known. Southwest succeeded by a strategy of offering low fares to its passengers, eliminating unnecessary services. In adapted its name Southwest Airlines Co/ Under Kelleher's leadership. The airline was established on March 1967 as Air Southwest Company by Herb Kelleher, businessman and a lawyer from New Jersey. Southwest Airlines or Southwest is one of the major Airlines of the Unites States. Southwest Airlines flight status tracker live No. ![]() ![]() ![]() We observe that there are a few important points that need further investigation, which are centred on the basic notions of information and meaning. We explore how this notion may be applied to IS problems by formulating one’s meaning system using an ontology language in order to improve web searching.ĪB - Mingers suggests a notion of ‘meaning system’ in order to clarify the relationships between data (signs), information and meaning, and their bearings on information systems (IS for short). We conclude that the term of ‘meaning system’ may be seen referring to an overall system whose elementary components are the cognitive systems whereby an human agent generates meaning in responding to stimuli, and it is through such a system an human agent interacts with the world including other humans in which he/she is, which includes crucially access to and subsequently creating information. Then we take a close look at the notion of ‘meaning system’ by drawing on Dretske and Devlin in addition to Mingers. In this paper, we summarise the most seemingly influential studies on these two concepts in the field of information systems especially Dretske’s semantic theory of information. N2 - Mingers suggests a notion of ‘meaning system’ in order to clarify the relationships between data (signs), information and meaning, and their bearings on information systems (IS for short). T1 - The Notion of “Meaning System” and its use for “Semantic Search” We explore how this notion may be applied to IS problems by formulating one’s meaning system using an ontology language in order to improve web searching.Ībstract = "Mingers suggests a notion of s meaning system using an ontology language in order to improve web searching.", Mingers suggests a notion of ‘meaning system’ in order to clarify the relationships between data (signs), information and meaning, and their bearings on information systems (IS for short). ![]() ![]() Knuckles' long tail in the final design is stated to be a remnant from his early, more dinosaur-looking design. One design even planned Knuckles to be more “reptilian”, like a dinosaur due to the popularity of Jurassic Park at the time. There were eight different candidates with the most popular one being Knuckles with his dreadlocks. The final design of Knuckles was the result of dozens of possible designs inspired by numerous different animals and usage of the market research about American kids’ taste. During the conception of Sonic the Hedgehog 3, the development team wanted to create a new rival for Sonic. ![]() Knuckles was created and designed by Takashi Yuda. Though usually depicted as the guardian of the Master Emerald, he was originally described as the guardian of Angel Island's seven Chaos Emeralds. When his friends and others are in need of his help, however, Knuckles can always be relied on, being willing to leave his home very often. He is entirely devoted to his duty, spending most of his time on Angel Island protecting the Master Emerald, and rarely cares about anything that is of no importance. Knuckles is also one of Sonic the Hedgehog's oldest friends and rivals.Ī loner by nature, Knuckles is independent, headstrong, and serious, yet gullible and short-tempered to a fault. He can also trap the wind under his dreadlocks to glide through the air. Known for his powerful and wild nature, his dominant traits are his super strength and the two spike-like knuckles on each of his gloves, from which his name is derived from, and which he can dig and climb walls with. Guarding it is his solemn duty to protect from anyone seeking to abuse it, as well as the sole surviving descendant of the echidna race from the Knuckles Clan. He is an anthropomorphic echidna and the current guardian of the Master Emerald, a powerful ancient gemstone which is kept on Angel Island. Knuckles the Echidna ( ナックルズ・ザ・エキドゥナ, Nakkuruzu za Ekiduna ?) is a character in the Sonic the Hedgehog series. I may not know the whole story behind this, but perhaps it's better that way. I'll probably be on this floating island forever, guarding the Master Emerald again. Sonic Overdrive (requires Sonic and Tails).Knuckles Sandwich (requires Sonic and Amy).Tudor Morgovan-Cristescu (Romanian Sonic Prime).Praphat Sinthapavorakul (Thai Sonic Prime).Mads Henning Skar-Jørgensen (Norwegian Sonic Prime).Maciej Maciejewski (Polish Sonic Prime).Leonardo Serrano (Brazilian Portuguese Sonic Prime).Hoai Bao Nguyen (Vietnamese Sonic Prime).Guilherme Barroso (Portuguese Sonic Prime).Giannis Stefopoulos (Greek Sonic Prime).Emmanuel Ohene Boafo (Dutch Sonic Prime).Alexandre Willaume (Danish Sonic Prime).Abraham Vega (Latin Spanish Sonic Prime).Sega Streaming Theater Sonic Edition (cameo).Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020.Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games.Mario & Sonic at the Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games.Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games (Nintendo 3DS).Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games (Wii). ![]() Sonic Generations (Nintendo 3DS) (cameo).Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Winter Games.Overall, great show for newcomers to Sonic, (like me) old fans alike, or people looking for a good laugh. Language: 1/5: Sonic and Eggman call each other names like "Eggbutt," but the worst language I heard is Eggman saying "crummy." Consumerism and Drinking/Drugs: Not Present at all. The worse thing is Sonic turns into a ball and attacks Eggman's robots. Violence and Scary Stuff: 1/5: Mostly cartoon violence and no blood. Diverse Reputations: Not Present because there is only one human in this show, Eggman. Good Role Models: 4/5: Sonic and friends ever back down from a challenge, teaching kids to do the same. Positive Messages: 3/5: It teaches you to stand your ground and protect what you think it right, among other lessons. Eggman.) Sometimes, the episodes don't include villains and just play with funny concepts such as "Tails' Crush." (There's an awesome Phantom Opera reference in there, so don't miss it.) As for why I rated it 8+, here's why. The basic premise of the show is Sonic, Tails, Knuckles, Amy, and the new Sticks the Badger (from the Sonic Boom games) try to stop villains like the Lightning Bolt Society, Dave the Intern, and of course, Dr. ![]() The story is based on the Sonic Boom game series, (Shattered Crystal, Fire & Ice, and Rice of Lyric) while still being a parody of adventure shows/movies. (Episodes are packed into two 15-minute stories.) At the lest, every other episode makes me laugh at least once. Every episode is just 15 minutes of stunning stuff. Now THIS is how you create a video game-based TV show. ![]() ![]() ![]() You can now manage Pay Cuts/Raises and Process Trades using real-time cap/dead $. NEW: We've updated this tool to include a few new wrinkles. See the cap implications in real-time as you cut the roster down to its final 53 players, or add new players from other NFL teams. A practice-squad decision could come down to which safety - Gaines or Uphoff - the Packers like more, but it wouldn’t be unreasonable to see both of them retained for the reserves.Use this tool to modify the selected team in its current state. Guys like Henry Black and Vernon Scott who actually played in regular-season games for the Packers last season held an obvious advantage, but Gaines could still provide a valuable depth piece on the practice squad with Redmond on injured reserve. The Packers signed to a reserve/future contract on January 8 and saw some impressive reps from him in camp practice and the preseason. Gaines could be one of the top options for the Packers to bring back once the 53-man roster deadline passes and they make all of their injury designations. He kicked the crap out of the ball in camp, survived two rounds of cuts, even with Mason Crosby entrenched atop the depth chart. #Packers released kicker JJ Molson, per source. The Packers could attempt to keep Benkert on their practice squad as an emergency plan for 2021 (or as a developmental piece for a Rodgers-less future that could arrive as soon as 2022), but don’t be surprised if another team claims him off the waivers and deprives them of the chance. With Aaron Rodgers returning as their starter and another first-round pick in Jordan Love backing him up, there wasn’t much of a short-term reason to keep Benkert around, even after a solid preseason in which he went 33-of-48 passing for 300 yards with a touchdown and two interceptions. ![]() The question with Benkert has always been about whether the Packers would carry three quarterbacks with them into the 2021 season. Thought he'd shown enough as a backup tackle to stick on the 53. #Packers indeed released G Ben Braden and C Jacob Capra, as said.īraden had been in running for a starting job guard job early in camp. Now, the former Chicago Bears seventh-round pick is once again looking for a new job. While Denmark played in their preseason finale in Buffalo and might’ve been the best cornerback on the field for them against the Bills, he had been in Green Bay for less than a week after signing on August 25. ![]() ![]() The first roster cut of the day for the Packers wasn’t much of a surprise. The latest Packers news straight to your inbox! Join the Heavy on Packers newsletter here! Here’s an updated look at all of the Packers’ roster cuts leading up to the deadline: The most brutal part of the NFL summer is officially underway.Īfter making no roster moves to start the week, the Green Bay Packers began the process of cutting down to their initial 53-man roster for the 2021 season on the morning of cut day, needing to waive 27 players from their training-camp roster before the NFL’s deadline at 4 p.m. Scott #6 of the Green Bay Packers warms up prior to a game against the Buffalo Bills at Highmark Stadium on Augin Orchard Park, New York. ![]() ![]() He continues the daily tradition of birthday wishes to centenarians that began with Scott. Roker conducted more interviews and segments on the show over time. Roker's studio remote forecasts, interviewing visitors outside and giving them some camera time, became a staple. On January 26, 1996, Roker received the regular weekday weather slot. In early 1996, Scott announced his semi-retirement from Today. He also substituted on the weekday edition of Today when Willard Scott was ill or away.įull time on the Today show (1996–present) ![]() This led to Roker becoming the forecaster for Weekend Today. Roker received wider exposure when David Letterman asked him to join in an elevator race on an episode of the talk show Late Night with David Letterman, which taped across the hall from the WNBC news studio in the GE Building. In 1995, he became the host of The Al Roker Show, a weekend talk show on CNBC. From 1983 to 1996, Roker was the regular substitute for forecaster Joe Witte on the NBC News program NBC News at Sunrise, and from 1990 to 1995 filled in for Willard Scott, Bryant Gumbel and 1997 through 2000's for Matt Lauer on the Today Show. Frank Field, who left the network over a contract dispute. Roker replaced 27-year WNBC-TV veteran Dr. Roker returned to New York City in late 1983 as a weekend weathercaster, and within eight months became the station's regular weeknight weathercaster. After five years in Cleveland, Roker was promoted to the network's flagship outlet, WNBC-TV in his hometown. Roker's career with NBC began in 1978 when he was hired at WKYC in Cleveland, then an NBC owned-and-operated station. and took a weathercasting position at independent station WTTG, then owned by Metromedia, remaining there for much of the next two years. Following the completion of his studies, Roker moved to Washington, D.C. During his time in Oswego, he also DJ'd at the campus radio station, WNYO. Roker worked as a weather anchor for CBS affiliate WHEN-TV (now WTVH) in Syracuse, New York from 1974 until 1976, while he was enrolled at SUNY Oswego. Roker outside the Pentagon during Barack Obama's 2009 Inauguration Early career (1974–95) ![]() ![]() ![]() Pulp necrosis, symptomatic and asymptomatic AP, acute and chronic apical abscess with one or more teeth with post-treatment AP, radiographically determined and further validated by CBCT imaging, is diagnosed in all patients. A patient data sheet has been given and consent has been obtained.Ī total of 20 patients (12 female and 8 male, within an age range of 21–57 years) with 20 teeth (9 M, 6 premolars, 1 canine and 4 incisors) were recruited to the study based on their referral for NSRCT or NSReTx between October 2018 and March 2020 in B&R private Dental Center in Sulaimani City Kurdistan region/Iraq. The Ethics Committee of the University of Sulaimani College of Dentistry has accepted the current observational report (No. This study has been reported in line with PROCESS criteria. Thus, the goal of this case series reports was to assess the usefulness of reciprocating WaveOne Gold files and single cone endodontic treatment approach in healing of AP. ![]() ![]() There are scant reports to determine the healing of AP using conventional radiography. Therefore, the treatment outcomes of NSRCT and NSReTX have been evaluated based on the clinical and radiographic signs and symptoms such as the absence of swelling, sinus tracts, evaluation of the size of AP lesions post-operatively, and full restitution of the space of the lamina dura and periodontal ligament (PDL). įollowing the completion of non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) or non-surgical retreatment (NSReTx), due to technical and ethical concerns it is not possible to obtain histological data to assess the healing of AP. Thanks to its biocompatibility with apical and periapical tissues, greater bond strength with dentin, and stronger protection of the chemistry of epoxy amines, the resin-based epoxy sealer AH Plus (Dentsply/DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) has recently been commonly used, so that the material no longer releases toxins. Over time, root canal sealers of different formulations have been created. ![]() On the other hand, shorter procedure length with WOG reciprocating files (primarily during instrumentation) allows more time for the irrigation solution to disinfect the root canal efficiently, leading to a reduction in the microbial content of the root canal system and hence better healing for AP. One of the recent major advances in endodontic therapy is root canal preparation with a WaveOne Gold (WOG) reciprocating single-file system, mainly because of its flexibility that extends the life span of the M-Wire alloys, and reduces preparation time moreover, it allows a matching-taper single cone to fill the canal, which is simpler than other strategies for filling the root canal and has become a common endodontic therapy procedure. However, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a non-invasive process useful in the detection of additional roots and root canals in a three-dimensional view and more accurate in detection of AP. Ĭonventional and digital two dimensional periapical radiographs are still considered as the gold standard tools to assess root canal anatomy, treatment outcome and diagnosis of AP. Post-treatment AP is associated with clinical procedures that may not follow appropriate requirements and thus do not adequately regulate the infection of the root canal due to anatomical variations such as isthmuses, lateral canals, recesses and dentinal tubules these anatomical variations are typically inaccessible to the instrumentation of the root canal and antimicrobial agents used during root canal treatment. Consequently, the host's immune response activation results in local acute and/or chronic inflammation, bone resorption and periapical tissue degradation, and periapical lesion development. Microorganism colonization contributes to dental pulp necrosis and infection growth in the periapical area of the infected tooth. Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory disorder mainly caused by dental caries, accidental trauma or iatrogenic causes of exposure of essential pulp to various oral microbiota. Endodontic treatment is directed at preventing or curing apical periodontitis (AP). ![]() |
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